The Center for Army Lessons Learned leads the Army Lessons Learned Program and delivers timely and relevant information to resolve gaps, enhance readiness, and inform modernization.
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This article examines how the U.S. Army’s Continuous Transformation approach drives modernization in mission command to outpace peer and near-peer... read more
This article examines how the U.S. Army’s Continuous Transformation approach drives modernization in mission command to outpace peer and near-peer threats. Focusing on the U.S. Army Southern European Task Force, Africa (SETAF-AF), the article highlights how this dual-hatted headquarters—supporting both U.S. Africa Command (AFRICOM) and U.S. Army Europe and Africa—serves as a testbed for innovative command structures, distributed operations, and advanced technologies.
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This publication addresses the urgent need for enhanced counter-small unmanned aircraft systems (C-sUAS) capabilities within U.S. Army Europe and Africa... read more
This publication addresses the urgent need for enhanced counter-small unmanned aircraft systems (C-sUAS) capabilities within U.S. Army Europe and Africa (USAREUR-AF) in response to evolving drone threats observed during the Russian-Ukrainian War. It emphasizes the necessity of adapting training environments to reflect rapid decision-making required in modern combat. The document outlines a structured approach to establishing a C-sUAS training framework, including securing host nation permissions and integrating stakeholders. Insights from Exercise Fire Shield ’25, conducted in Moldova, highlight the importance of interoperability and operational readiness. Key lessons learned indicate the need for updated doctrine on engagement authority, improved interoperability with host nation systems, and expanded C-sUAS planning into deep operational zones. The publication concludes that prioritizing C-sUAS capabilities is essential for effective maneuver and force protection in contested airspace, advocating for continuous adaptation of training to meet evolving threats.
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Planning complete and coherent company and platoon operations in a limited amount of time does not happen easily. Leaders and organizations must be prepared... read more
Planning complete and coherent company and platoon operations in a limited amount of time does not happen easily. Leaders and organizations must be prepared to execute a rapid planning process and understand individual and small team roles and responsibilities. This paper looks to provide an approach to the TLP process, both before and during execution, that can guide leaders through a rapid planning process. It is not a replacement for the TLP process, but an approach to its application.
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Key observations from division and corps operations from Fiscal Year 2025 from the Mission Command Training Program within Decisive Action Training... read more
Key observations from division and corps operations from Fiscal Year 2025 from the Mission Command Training Program within Decisive Action Training Environment in Large Scale Combat Operations (LSCO). MCTP facilitates collective training opportunities and leadership experiences for Commanders and their staffs to plan, prepare, fight, and win during LSCO. This document captures the MCTP observations and learning from the five FY25 WFXs, which focus on LSCO. Chapter one captures experimentation in FY25, Chapter two captures MCTP’s key overall observations, with six additional chapters that cover observations from the six warfighting functions.
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This article underscores the critical need to integrate Noncommissioned Officers (NCOs) into the Army’s staff operations process through deliberate and... read more
This article underscores the critical need to integrate Noncommissioned Officers (NCOs) into the Army’s staff operations process through deliberate and progressive training. NCOs serve as the backbone of mission command, bringing invaluable field-tested experience, judgment, and initiative to planning and execution. Yet, despite their pivotal role, current training programs—particularly the Battle Staff NCO Course—fall short in preparing them for complex staff responsibilities.
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This article describes mechanisms for continuously executing the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP) during Large Scale Combat Operations (LSCO). It... read more
This article describes mechanisms for continuously executing the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP) during Large Scale Combat Operations (LSCO). It explains how daily battle rhythm events, such as the Battle Update Brief (BUB), Plans Working Group, and Assessment Working Group (AWG), align with MDMP steps to streamline planning, adaptation, and synchronization across operational phases.
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