Maps of Mars' global topography. The projections are Mercator to 70 latitude and stereographic at the poles with the south pole at left and north pole at right. Note the elevation difference between the northern and southern hemispheres. The Tharsis volcano-tectonic province is centered near the equator in the longitude range 220 E to 300 E and contains the vast east-west trending Valles Marineris canyon system and several major volcanic shields including Olympus Mons (18 N, 225 E), Alba Patera (42 N, 252 E), Ascraeus Mons (12 N, 248 E), Pavonis Mons (0, 247 E), and Arsia Mons (9 S, 239 E). Regions and structures discussed in the text include Solis Planum (25 S, 270 E), Lunae Planum (10 N, 290 E), and Claritas Fossae (30 S, 255 E). Major impact basins include Hellas (45 S, 70 E), Argyre (50 S, 320 E), Isidis (12 N, 88 E), and Utopia (45 N, 110 E). This analysis uses an areocentric coordinate convention with east longitude positive.
